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Inclusion Criteria:

• - Diagnosed with SS by meeting the 2016 American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/EULAR Classification Criteria.

• - Residual salivary gland function as defined by whole stimulated salivary flow > 0.1 mL/min (only for Population 2).

• - Have an ESSDAI score of >= 5 at screening; (not including the peripheral nervous system, central nervous system, and pulmonary domains) (only for Population 1).

• - Have an ESSPRI score of >= 5 at screening (only for Population 2).

• - Have an ESSDAI score of < 5 at screening (only for Population 2).

• - Positive for either anti-Ro autoantibodies or rheumatoid factor, or both at screening.

• - Male and female participants who agree to follow protocol defined contraceptive methods.

• - No active or untreated latent tuberculosis (TB).

Exclusion Criteria:

• - Medical history of confirmed deep venous thrombosis or arterial thromboembolism within 2 years of signing the informed consent form (ICF).

• - Risk factors for venous thromboembolism or arterial thrombosis, prothrombotic status.

• - Concomitant polymyositis or dermatomyositis or systemic sclerosis.

• - Active malignancy or history of malignancy, except in situ carcinoma of the cervix and cutaneous basal cell carcinoma.

• - Hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or human immunodeficiency virus infection.

• - More than one episode of herpes zoster and/or an opportunistic infection in the last 12 months.

• - Active viral, bacterial, or other infections or history of more than 2 infections requiring intravenous antibiotics within 12 months prior to signing the ICF.

• - Participants with corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection or who, in the judgment of the investigator, are at unacceptable risk of COVID-19 or its complications.

• - A documented positive severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) test within 2 weeks prior to randomization.

• - Received live (attenuated) vaccine within the 4 weeks prior to ICF signature.

• - Treated with any biologic B-cell-depleting therapy within 12 months or other B-cell targeting therapy < 3 months before randomization.

• - Injectable corticosteroids (including intraarticular) or treatment with > 10 mg/day dose oral prednisone or equivalent within 6 weeks prior to randomization (only for Population 1).

• - Treated with systemic corticosteroids for indications other than SS, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) for more than a total of 2 weeks within 24 weeks prior to screening visit (only for Population 1).

• - Received previous treatment with anti-CD40L compounds at any time before screening.

• - Pregnant or lactating or planning to get pregnant during the duration of the study.

The study will enrol 2 SS populations: Population 1 will include participants with moderate to high systemic disease activity defined by European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI) >= 5; Population 2 will include participants with moderate to severe subjective symptoms defined by EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI) score >= 5 and residual stimulated salivary flow but with mild systemic disease activity defined by ESSDAI score < 5. This study will include 3 periods: screening (4 weeks), treatment period (40 Weeks) and follow-up period (12 weeks). In the treatment period, participants from each of the populations will be randomized at 1:1 ratio to receive intravenous (IV) dose of VIB4920 or placebo (Stage I). After completion of Stage I, participants randomized to VIB4920 in Stage I will receive placebo and participants randomized to placebo in Stage I will receive VIB4920 (Stage II). Participants who had study drug discontinuation will not be eligible for treatment during Stage

• II. All participants will be followed for at least 12 weeks after their last dose of study drug administration.

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